Opened 4 years ago
Last modified 3 years ago
#23368 new enhancement
More immediate symbolic powers simplification
Reported by: | rws | Owned by: | |
---|---|---|---|
Priority: | major | Milestone: | sage-8.2 |
Component: | symbolics | Keywords: | |
Cc: | charpent | Merged in: | |
Authors: | Reviewers: | ||
Report Upstream: | N/A | Work issues: | |
Branch: | Commit: | ||
Dependencies: | Stopgaps: |
Description
We already do:
sage: sqrt(4/9*x) 2/3*sqrt(x) sage: sqrt(-4*x) 2*sqrt(-x) sage: (4*x + 12)^(-3) 1/64/(x + 3)^3 sage: (4/9*x)^(3/2) 8/27*x^(3/2)
This should be extended to rational exponents of sums:
sage: sqrt(-4*x-4) sqrt(-4*x - 4) sage: (4*x + 12)^(-3/2) (4*x + 12)^(-3/2)
It's a matter of implementing the case add^rational
in Pynac's power::eval
Change History (16)
comment:1 Changed 4 years ago by
- Cc charpent added
comment:2 Changed 4 years ago by
comment:3 follow-up: ↓ 4 Changed 4 years ago by
Fact is, there is already such simplification with integer exponents. Please give an example where extension to rational should not be allowed. Note also there is a canonical form Pynac adheres to and that affects if this simplification is applied (leading coeff positive). Note too that the long term goal is to become more independent from Maxima, for known reasons.
comment:4 in reply to: ↑ 3 Changed 4 years ago by
Replying to rws:
Fact is, there is already such simplification with integer exponents. Please give an example where extension to rational should not be allowed.
No example on hand at the moment, but ISTR to have been bitten by too-eager simplifications in integration of trig functions (undergrad-level exercises...) : "obvious" changes of variable became largely unobvious, and some factorizations were missed.
Note also there is a canonical form Pynac adheres to and that affects if this simplification is applied (leading coeff positive).
And that sometimes gives birth to strange expressions, that have to be re-massaged. A minimal example (quoted from memory, no Sage available ATM) :
var("y,z,k,theta", domain="positive") assume(k,"noninteger") dbeta(y,k,theta)=y^(k-1)*e^-(y/theta)/(theta^k*gamma(k) integrate(dbeta(z,k,theta)*dbeta(y-z,k,theta),z,0,y) ## Fails (returns an unevaluated integral) integrate((dbeta(z,k,theta)*dbeta(y-z,k,theta)).expand(),z,0,y) ## Succeeds
Note too that the long term goal is to become more independent from Maxima, for known reasons.
Agreed. But I have to confess that, to me at least, Maxima is muche easier to grasp than Pynac (my command of C++ is not up to the level of mt grasp of Lisp and Maxima...).
comment:5 Changed 4 years ago by
- Branch set to u/rws/more_immediate_symbolic_powers_simplification
comment:6 Changed 4 years ago by
- Commit set to b17dedb7119612ad055035e8829f235d7c33adc8
You can try it out. I added the Pynac patch in this branch, so you can see yourself which doctests fail and how they fail. Test the directories symbolic
, calculus
, tests
, and src/doc
to see the effects of this patch.
New commits:
b17dedb | 23368: More immediate symbolic powers simplification
|
comment:7 Changed 4 years ago by
- Commit changed from b17dedb7119612ad055035e8829f235d7c33adc8 to 3cd17f5aeafac08fbd04bf685b1ec85809201124
Branch pushed to git repo; I updated commit sha1. New commits:
3cd17f5 | 23368: new patch
|
comment:8 Changed 4 years ago by
Actually a better alternative is to draw only the rational part of the root outside. The new patch does it and "fails" only these tests:
File "src/sage/calculus/calculus.py", line 233, in sage.calculus.calculus Failed example: f.derivative(x) Expected: 1/3/sqrt(1/9*x^2 + 1) Got: 1/sqrt(x^2 + 9) File "src/sage/functions/hypergeometric.py", line 776, in sage.functions.hypergeometric.closed_form Failed example: closed_form(hypergeometric([1, 1, 2], [1, 1], z)) Expected: (z - 1)^(-2) Got: 1/(z - 1)^2
Do you agree the failures are okay?
I'm still investigating the fails in src/doc
.
comment:9 Changed 4 years ago by
- Commit changed from 3cd17f5aeafac08fbd04bf685b1ec85809201124 to ed4dece5d1690a6c4f30937041676e2027e9d7ca
Branch pushed to git repo; I updated commit sha1. New commits:
ed4dece | 23368: fix patch
|
comment:10 Changed 4 years ago by
- Branch u/rws/more_immediate_symbolic_powers_simplification deleted
- Commit ed4dece5d1690a6c4f30937041676e2027e9d7ca deleted
- Dependencies set to pynac-0.7.10
- Report Upstream changed from Reported upstream. No feedback yet. to Fixed upstream, in a later stable release.
After the last fix I feel justified to introduce this change in Pynac-0.7.10. I'll remove the branch now but it can still be checked out for testing. This ticket now depends on a future Pynac upgrade ticket, and it should add the bool...
doctest and some more for good measure.
comment:11 Changed 4 years ago by
There were complications, see https://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/23325#comment:21 So a full implementation depends on improved simplifcation, probably outside Maxima.
comment:12 Changed 3 years ago by
- Dependencies changed from pynac-0.7.10 to pynac-0.7.14
- Milestone changed from sage-8.1 to sage-8.2
- Report Upstream changed from Fixed upstream, in a later stable release. to N/A
Examples and doctests that would change:
sage: sqrt(-4*x-4) 2*sqrt(-x - 1) sage: (4*x + 12)^(-3/2) 1/8/(x + 3)^(3/2) Expected: 1/4*sqrt(5) + 1/4*I*sqrt(2*sqrt(5) + 10) - 1/4 Got: 1/4*I*sqrt(2)*sqrt(sqrt(5) + 5) + 1/4*sqrt(5) - 1/4 Expected: (-1)^floor(1/2*x/pi)*sqrt(-1/2*cos(x) + 1/2) Got: sqrt(1/2)*(-1)^floor(1/2*x/pi)*sqrt(-cos(x) + 1) Expected: -1/2*(1/18*sqrt(23)*sqrt(3) - 1/2)^(1/3)*(I*sqrt(3) + 1) - 1/6*(-I*sqrt(3) + 1)/(1/18*sqrt(23)*sqrt(3) - 1/2)^(1/3) Got: -1/2*(1/18)^(1/3)*(sqrt(23)*sqrt(3) - 9)^(1/3)*(I*sqrt(3) + 1) - 3*(1/18)^(2/3)*(-I*sqrt(3) + 1)/(sqrt(23)*sqrt(3) - 9)^(1/3) Expected: -1/8*sqrt(5) + 1/4*sqrt(-3/2*sqrt(5) + 15/2) - 1/8 Got: 1/4*sqrt(3/2)*sqrt(-sqrt(5) + 5) - 1/8*sqrt(5) - 1/8 Expected: 1/4*sqrt(-2*sqrt(6) - 2*sqrt(2) + 8) Got: 1/4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(-sqrt(6) - sqrt(2) + 4)
That sqrt(23)*sqrt(3)
is not combined should be addressed elsewhere.
comment:13 follow-up: ↓ 15 Changed 3 years ago by
There would be 30 doctest changes in the 5 main symbolic directories alone. I'm not prepared to push this as default behaviour---but maybe as separate method.
comment:14 Changed 3 years ago by
The code has been archived at: https://github.com/pynac/pynac/pull/292
comment:15 in reply to: ↑ 13 Changed 3 years ago by
Replying to rws:
There would be 30 doctest changes in the 5 main symbolic directories alone. I'm not prepared to push this as default behaviour
Exactly why I got cold feet with the (much smaller) distribution of a few operations over sum
and product
, and created distribute
. Seconded.
---but maybe as separate method.
canonicalize_power(s)
(parallel to canonicalize_radical
) ?
Another possibility to discuss : extend canonicalize_radical
: same category of operations, but this would change its definition.
comment:16 Changed 3 years ago by
- Dependencies pynac-0.7.14 deleted
Yes, third possibility is to extend factor
with a powers=True
argument. In any case I need to think about how to implement it conditionally in Pynac.
Thanks for Cc'ing me !
I'm not convinced that's necessarily the Right Thing (TM) to do : it might prohibit more interesting operations, such as factorization after
expand()
.I was thinking of adding (after 8.0) a few methods for symbolic expressions, such as
x.simplify_sum()
(a wrapper forx.maxima_methods().ev(simpsum=True
) and possibly a collection of useful-but-not-always-pertinent transformations (such as trig (e. g. conversions totan(x/2)
, rewriting products as sums and vice-versa, etc...) that might be easier to call at willwityh such "syntactic sugar" methods.Changing Maxima's domain can be done easily enough for one evaluation of a given expression E by asking
E.maxima_methods().ev(domain=real)
, or for the long term viamaxima_calculus("domain:real")
.Could we take a bit of time to think about what would be useful to implement in such methods ? This simplification is an obvious candidate, but probably not the only one, and probably not as a systematic simplification.
I'm also considering extending
E.distribute()
to the case of the distribution of a differentiation over a sum ; I'm not yet convinced it is useful, but I'm looking for reasons (pro or contra).BTW, this (as well as your previous work on symbolic sums and products) and the recent
distribute()
should be reported back to Maxima (but the implementation is not as easy in Maxima/lisp as in Sage...).Furthermore, let's not forget that "Syntactic sucar causes cancer of the semicolon" (A. J. Perlis, IIRC) : in other words, let's not paint ourselves in a too-difficult-to-maintain corner.