Opened 6 years ago
Closed 6 years ago
#18393 closed enhancement (fixed)
make Expression.series return an element of SR[[]]
Reported by: | rws | Owned by: | |
---|---|---|---|
Priority: | major | Milestone: | sage-duplicate/invalid/wontfix |
Component: | calculus | Keywords: | |
Cc: | bhackl | Merged in: | |
Authors: | Reviewers: | ||
Report Upstream: | N/A | Work issues: | |
Branch: | Commit: | ||
Dependencies: | Stopgaps: |
Description (last modified by )
Instead of duplicating power series functionality (existing in rings/
) in Pynac, where there is momentarily only a skeleton implementation that does not even play nice with the rest of symbolics, the series
method of Expression
should return an element of PowerSeriesRing(SR)
.
It does not necessarily mean everything will be implemented in Python, Pynac could still compute the series as Python object.
Change History (17)
comment:1 Changed 6 years ago by
- Description modified (diff)
comment:2 follow-up: ↓ 3 Changed 6 years ago by
comment:3 in reply to: ↑ 2 ; follow-up: ↓ 4 Changed 6 years ago by
Replying to nbruin:
- What's the variable of
SR[[]]
?
A symbolic variable is given as argument of series
. The ring variable will have the same name and thus override it on new input from the user.
Does it support multivariate power series?
At the moment series
takes one symbol.
- How does
f=(x^2+y^2+1)
coerce intoSR[['x']]
? Note thatf
is already an element ofSR
, so by default it would be a "constant" inSR[['x']]
.
As above the series
argument determines the name of the series variable, so it also determines what is being done with the expression. Already now:
sage: (1+x+y).series(x,5) (y + 1) + 1*x
(However, the coefficient
functions don't work with "exact" series atm)
comment:4 in reply to: ↑ 3 ; follow-up: ↓ 5 Changed 6 years ago by
Replying to rws:
- How does
f=(x^2+y^2+1)
coerce intoSR[['x']]
? Note thatf
is already an element ofSR
, so by default it would be a "constant" inSR[['x']]
.As above the
series
argument determines the name of the series variable, so it also determines what is being done with the expression. Already now:
That's ambiguous and not what happens by default in our current coercion:
sage: R=PowerSeriesRing(SR,name='x',default_prec=10) sage: F=1/(1-R.0) sage: F-x -x + 1 + x + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + x^5 + x^6 + x^7 + x^8 + x^9 + O(x^10) sage: F-R.0 1 + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + x^5 + x^6 + x^7 + x^8 + x^9 + O(x^10)
You see that SR('x') doesn't coerce to R.0 in R. You'd have to override that somehow and that will be extremely messy: where does sin(x)
coerce?
comment:5 in reply to: ↑ 4 ; follow-up: ↓ 6 Changed 6 years ago by
Replying to nbruin:
That's ambiguous and not what happens by default in our current coercion:
sage: R=PowerSeriesRing(SR,name='x',default_prec=10) sage: F=1/(1-R.0) sage: F-x -x + 1 + x + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + x^5 + x^6 + x^7 + x^8 + x^9 + O(x^10) sage: F-R.0 1 + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + x^5 + x^6 + x^7 + x^8 + x^9 + O(x^10)You see that SR('x') doesn't coerce to R.0 in R. You'd have to override that somehow and that will be extremely messy: where does
sin(x)
coerce?
To sin(R.0)
, where is the problem? Of course it would expand to
x - 1/6*x^3 + 1/120*x^5 - 1/5040*x^7 + 1/362880*x^9 - 1/39916800*x^11 + 1/6227020800*x^13 - 1/1307674368000*x^15 + 1/355687428096000*x^17 - 1/121645100408832000*x^19 + Order(x^20)
comment:6 in reply to: ↑ 5 ; follow-up: ↓ 7 Changed 6 years ago by
Replying to rws:
where does
sin(x)
coerce? Tosin(R.0)
, where is the problem? Of course it would expand tox - 1/6*x^3 + 1/120*x^5 - 1/5040*x^7 + 1/362880*x^9 - 1/39916800*x^11 + 1/6227020800*x^13 - 1/1307674368000*x^15 + 1/355687428096000*x^17 - 1/121645100408832000*x^19 + Order(x^20)
That will be quite a bit of work to arrange, but that's not what I meant: What are the results of
SR[['x']]( sin(SR('x')) ) SR[['x']]( sin(SR('y')) )
(the main part: how are you going to arrive at those results? I'm not saying it's impossible to come up with something satisfactory. Just that there's some non-trivial work to be done)
comment:7 in reply to: ↑ 6 Changed 6 years ago by
Replying to nbruin:
...how are you going to arrive at those results? I'm not saying it's impossible to come up with something satisfactory. Just that there's some non-trivial work to be done)
It's just another expression converter, isn't it? BTW, exp(x)
already does the desired thing. Though it's not dependent the work would also benefit from #17759 which itself depends on #18255.
comment:8 Changed 6 years ago by
Ah I see, sin(x)
needs a second order DE. But Pari is able to do sin
easily so there must be an algorithm.
comment:9 Changed 6 years ago by
Power series via Pari would be #15601, but actually Pynac is more complete here. It just needs the conversion to PowerSeries
.
comment:10 follow-up: ↓ 12 Changed 6 years ago by
- Milestone changed from sage-6.7 to sage-duplicate/invalid/wontfix
- Status changed from new to needs_review
I think my new posting in sage-devel (https://groups.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!topic/sage-devel/XhOhwjjeLTM) makes this ticket obsolete. Maybe we just need to change Pynac so that, if an expression contains a pseries
it will be reexpanded (making the new order the min of all orders). What do you think?
Surprise.
comment:11 Changed 6 years ago by
I think there is also a satisfying solution to the discussed interface problem. Instead of automatically creating a PowerSeriesRing
, with all the problems of duplicate generators, the user will do this part and give the chosen generator as argument to series
or simply use it as part of the expression.
comment:12 in reply to: ↑ 10 ; follow-up: ↓ 13 Changed 6 years ago by
- Status changed from needs_review to positive_review
Replying to rws:
I think my new posting in sage-devel (https://groups.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!topic/sage-devel/XhOhwjjeLTM) makes this ticket obsolete. Maybe we just need to change Pynac so that, if an expression contains a
pseries
it will be reexpanded (making the new order the min of all orders). What do you think?
I'm not too convinced: calling series()
is a bit like calling expand()
or normal()
, with symbolic expressions, you don't necessarily want that to happen automatically. And (FWIW) that's also what Maple does:
#-->s := series(sin(x),x); s := series(1*x-1/6*x^3+1/120*x^5+O(x^7),x,7) #-->t := series(exp(x),x); t := series(1+1*x+1/2*x^2+1/6*x^3+1/24*x^4+1/120*x^5+O(x^6),x,6) #-->s*t; (series(1*x-1/6*x^3+1/120*x^5+O(x^7),x,7))*(series(1+1*x+1/2*x^2+1/6*x^3+1/24*x^4+1/120*x^5+O(x^6),x,6)) #-->series(s*t,x); series(1*x+1*x^2+1/3*x^3-1/30*x^5+O(x^6),x,6)
But perhaps I misunderstood the question?
In any case, I agree that this ticket can be closed.
comment:13 in reply to: ↑ 12 ; follow-up: ↓ 14 Changed 6 years ago by
Replying to mmezzarobba:
...And (FWIW) that's also what Maple does:
#-->s := series(sin(x),x); s := series(1*x-1/6*x^3+1/120*x^5+O(x^7),x,7) #-->t := series(exp(x),x); t := series(1+1*x+1/2*x^2+1/6*x^3+1/24*x^4+1/120*x^5+O(x^6),x,6) #-->s*t; (series(1*x-1/6*x^3+1/120*x^5+O(x^7),x,7))*(series(1+1*x+1/2*x^2+1/6*x^3+1/24*x^4+1/120*x^5+O(x^6),x,6)) #-->series(s*t,x); series(1*x+1*x^2+1/3*x^3-1/30*x^5+O(x^6),x,6)But perhaps I misunderstood the question?
Interesting. But that can be considered a bug and see the sage-devel link for a bug report. I mean, what else do you expect as result when dealing with a series? But I'll open a new ticket for that.
comment:14 in reply to: ↑ 13 ; follow-up: ↓ 15 Changed 6 years ago by
Replying to rws:
Interesting. But that can be considered a bug and see the sage-devel link for a bug report. I mean, what else do you expect as result when dealing with a series? But I'll open a new ticket for that.
The problem is: there are SR allows expressions of such generality that series expansions aren't always possible. Consider:
sage: function('f') sage: s=series(sin(x)) sage: f(cos(x))+g
Should that be considered a series in x?
And then there are of course the cases with well-defined functions as ingredients where you really can't make a series expansion:
sage: s=series(sin(x)) sage: exp(1/x)+s
The general problem is: an element of SR (and the fundamental data type in maple) is just an expression tree. Mathematical meaning is only obtained by *what* you do with the element (it's like an untyped programming language). That means you can do algebra with objects in SR that represent a series in such a way that you get another object that can't possibly be interpreted as a series. maple (and apparently pynac by default) solves that problem by not even trying: they leave it to the user to do that, trusting that he/she will take care to only do that in situations where it is possible to interpret the result as a series.
comment:15 in reply to: ↑ 14 Changed 6 years ago by
Replying to nbruin:
The problem is: there are SR allows expressions of such generality that series expansions aren't always possible. Consider:
sage: function('f') sage: s=series(sin(x)) sage: f(cos(x))+g
(I guess g
should be s
?)
Should that be considered a series in x?
Here Maple does (when one explicitly asks for a series expansion, of course):
#-->series(f(cos(x)) + sin(x), x); series(f(1)+1*x+(-1/2*D(f)(1))*x^2-1/6*x^3+(1/24*D(f)(1)+1/8*`@@`(D,2)(f)(1))*x^4+1/120*x^5+O(x^6),x,6)
and I found that convenient on many occasions. But I seem to rememer that ginac can do something similar.
comment:16 Changed 6 years ago by
comment:17 Changed 6 years ago by
- Resolution set to fixed
- Status changed from positive_review to closed
SR[[]]
? Does it support multivariate power series?f=(x^2+y^2+1)
coerce intoSR[['x']]
? Note thatf
is already an element ofSR
, so by default it would be a "constant" inSR[['x']]
.