Ticket #5996: 12429.patch
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sage/functions/wigner.py
# HG changeset patch # User Jens Rasch <jyr2000@gmail.com> # Date 1245512650 -3600 # Node ID 8ae379ab614c7120d7745d16440f24f98c82d1e0 # Parent a3427ba1dfd0b77e1b600cc0ab8180b1408d46e4 Removed all Latex formulas and replaced them with text formulas to comply with the ReST documentation system. diff -r a3427ba1dfd0 -r 8ae379ab614c sage/functions/wigner.py
a b 75 75 76 76 def Wigner3j(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,m_3,prec=None): 77 77 r""" 78 Calculate the Wigner 3j symbol 79 80 \left({j_1 \atop m_1} {j_2 \atop m_2} {j_3 \atop m_3} \right) 78 Calculate the Wigner 3j symbol Wigner3j(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,m_3) 81 79 82 80 83 81 NOTES: … … 86 84 87 85 - invariant under any permutation of the columns (with the 88 86 exception of a sign change where $J:=j_1+j_2+j_3$): 89 \begin{eqnarray} 90 \left({j_1 \atop m_1} {j_2 \atop m_2} {j_3 \atop m_3}\right) 91 &=& 92 \left({j_3 \atop m_3} {j_1 \atop m_1} {j_2 \atop m_2}\right) 93 =\left({j_2 \atop m_2} {j_3 \atop m_3} {j_1 \atop m_1}\right) 94 \qquad \mbox{cyclic} 95 &=& 96 (-)^{J}\left({j_3\atop m_3} {j_2\atop m_2} {j_1\atop m_1}\right) 97 =(-)^{J}\left({j_1\atop m_1} {j_3\atop m_3} {j_2\atop m_2}\right) 98 =(-)^{J}\left({j_2\atop m_2} {j_1\atop m_1} {j_3\atop m_3}\right) 99 \qquad\mbox{anti-cyclic} 100 \end{eqnarray} 87 Wigner3j(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,m_3) 88 =Wigner3j(j_3,j_1,j_2,m_3,m_1,m_2) 89 =Wigner3j(j_2,j_3,j_1,m_2,m_3,m_1) 90 =(-)^J Wigner3j(j_3,j_2,j_1,m_3,m_2,m_1) 91 =(-)^J Wigner3j(j_1,j_3,j_2,m_1,m_3,m_2) 92 =(-)^J Wigner3j(j_2,j_1,j_3,m_2,m_1,m_3) 101 93 102 94 - invariant under space inflection, i. e. 103 \begin{eqnarray} 104 \left({{j_1}\atop{m_1}} {{j_2}\atop{m_2}} {{j_3}\atop{m_3}}\right) 105 = 106 (-)^{J} 107 \left({j_1 \atop -m_1} {j_2 \atop -m_2}{j_3 \atop -m_3}\right) 108 \end{eqnarray} 95 Wigner3j(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,m_3) 96 =(-)^J Wigner3j(j_1,j_2,j_3,-m_1,-m_2,-m_3) 109 97 110 98 - symmetric with respect to the 72 additional symmetries based on 111 99 the work by [Regge58] 112 100 113 101 - zero for $j_1$, $j_2$, $j_3$ not fulfilling triangle relation 114 102 115 - zero for $ {m_1}+{m_2}+{m_3}!= 0$103 - zero for $m_1+m_2+m_3!= 0$ 116 104 117 105 - zero for violating any one of the conditions 118 106 $j_1\ge|m_1|$, $j_2\ge|m_2|$, $j_3\ge|m_3|$ … … 258 246 r""" 259 247 Calculates the Clebsch-Gordan coefficient 260 248 261 $ \left< j_1 m_1 \; j_2 m_2 | j_3 m_3 \right>$249 $< j_1 m_1 \; j_2 m_2 | j_3 m_3 >$ 262 250 263 251 264 252 NOTES: 265 253 266 254 The Clebsch-Gordan coefficient will be evaluated via its relation 267 255 to Wigner 3j symbols: 268 269 \begin{eqnarray} 270 \left< j_1 m_1 \; j_2 m_2 | j_3 m_3 \right>= 271 (-1)^(j_1-j_2+m_3) \sqrt(2j_3+1) 272 \left({j_1 \atop m_1} {j_2 \atop m_2} {j_3 \atop -m_3}\right) 273 \end{eqnarray} 256 < j_1 m_1 \; j_2 m_2 | j_3 m_3 > 257 =(-1)^(j_1-j_2+m_3) \sqrt(2j_3+1) Wigner3j(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,-m_3) 274 258 275 259 See also the documentation on Wigner 3j symbols which exhibit much 276 260 higher symmetry relations that the Clebsch-Gordan coefficient. … … 402 386 NOTES: 403 387 404 388 The Racah symbol is related to the Wigner 6j symbol: 405 \begin{eqnarray} 406 \left({j_1 \atop j_4} {j_2 \atop j_5} {j_3 \atop j_6} \right) 407 = 408 (-1)^{j_1+j_2+j_4+j_5} W(j_1,j_2,j_5,j_4,j_3,j_6) 409 \end{eqnarray} 389 Wigner6j(j_1,j_2,j_3,j_4,j_5,j_6) 390 =(-1)^(j_1+j_2+j_4+j_5) W(j_1,j_2,j_5,j_4,j_3,j_6) 410 391 411 392 Please see the 6j symbol for its much richer symmetries and for 412 393 additional properties. … … 491 472 492 473 def Wigner6j(j_1,j_2,j_3,j_4,j_5,j_6,prec=None): 493 474 r""" 494 Calculate the Wigner 6j symbol 495 496 \left({j_1 \atop j_4} {j_2 \atop j_5} {j_3 \atop j_6} \right) 475 Calculate the Wigner 6j symbol Wigner6j(j_1,j_2,j_3,j_4,j_5,j_6) 497 476 498 477 499 478 NOTES: 500 479 501 480 The Wigner 6j symbol is related to the Racah symbol but exhibits 502 481 more symmetries as detailed below. 503 \begin{eqnarray} 504 \left({j_1 \atop j_4} {j_2 \atop j_5} {j_3 \atop j_6} \right) 505 = 506 (-1)^{j_1+j_2+j_4+j_5} W(j_1,j_2,j_5,j_4,j_3,j_6) 507 \end{eqnarray} 482 Wigner6j(j_1,j_2,j_3,j_4,j_5,j_6) 483 =(-1)^(j_1+j_2+j_4+j_5) W(j_1,j_2,j_5,j_4,j_3,j_6) 508 484 509 485 The Wigner 6j symbol obeys the following symmetry rules: 510 486 511 487 - Wigner $6j$ symbols are left invariant under any permutation of 512 488 the columns: 513 \begin{eqnarray} 514 \left({j_1 \atop j_4} {j_2 \atop j_5} {j_3 \atop j_6} \right) 515 &=& 516 \left({j_3 \atop j_6} {j_1 \atop j_4} {j_2 \atop j_5} \right) 517 =\left({j_2 \atop j_5} {j_3 \atop j_6} {j_2 \atop j_4} \right) 518 \qquad \mbox{cyclic} \\ 519 &=& 520 \left({j_3 \atop j_6} {j_2 \atop j_5} {j_1 \atop j_4} \right) 521 =\left({j_1 \atop j_4} {j_3 \atop j_6} {j_2 \atop j_5} \right) 522 =\left({j_2 \atop j_5} {j_1 \atop j_4} {j_3 \atop j_6} \right) 523 \qquad \mbox{anti-cyclic} 524 \end{eqnarray} 489 Wigner6j(j_1,j_2,j_3,j_4,j_5,j_6) 490 =Wigner6j(j_3,j_1,j_2,j_6,j_4,j_5) 491 =Wigner6j(j_2,j_3,j_1,j_5,j_6,j_4) 492 =Wigner6j(j_3,j_2,j_1,j_6,j_5,j_4) 493 =Wigner6j(j_1,j_3,j_2,j_4,j_6,j_5) 494 =Wigner6j(j_2,j_1,j_3,j_5,j_4,j_6) 525 495 526 496 - They are invariant under the exchange of the upper and lower 527 497 arguments in each of any two columns, i. e. 528 \begin{eqnarray} 529 \left({j_1 \atop j_4} {j_2 \atop j_5} {j_3 \atop j_6} \right) 530 = 531 \left({j_1 \atop j_4} {j_5 \atop j_2} {j_6 \atop j_3} \right) 532 = 533 \left({j_4 \atop j_1} {j_2 \atop j_5} {j_6 \atop j_3} \right) 534 = 535 \left({j_4 \atop j_1} {j_5 \atop j_2} {j_3 \atop j_6} \right) 536 \end{eqnarray} 498 Wigner6j(j_1,j_2,j_3,j_4,j_5,j_6) 499 =Wigner6j(j_1,j_5,j_6,j_4,j_2,j_3) 500 =Wigner6j(j_4,j_2,j_6,j_1,j_5,j_3) 501 =Wigner6j(j_4,j_5,j_3,j_1,j_2,j_6) 537 502 538 503 - additional 6 symmetries [Regge59] giving rise to 144 symmetries 539 504 in total … … 631 596 def Wigner9j(j_1,j_2,j_3,j_4,j_5,j_6,j_7,j_8,j_9,prec=None): 632 597 r""" 633 598 Calculate the Wigner 9j symbol 634 635 \left\{ 636 \begin{matrix} 637 {j_1} & {j_2} & {j_3} \\ 638 {j_4} & {j_5} & {j_6} \\ 639 {j_7} & {j_8} & {j_9} 640 \end{matrix} 641 \right\} 599 Wigner9j(j_1,j_2,j_3,j_4,j_5,j_6,j_7,j_8,j_9) 642 600 643 601 644 602 ALGORITHM: … … 756 714 Calculate the Gaunt coefficient which is defined as the integral 757 715 over three spherical harmonics: 758 716 759 \begin{eqnarray} 760 Y{j_1 \atop m_1} {j_2 \atop m_2} {j_3 \atop m_3} 761 &=& 762 \int Y_{l_1,m_1}(\Omega) 763 Y_{l_2,m_2}(\Omega) Y_{l_3,m_3}(\Omega)\; d\Omega \\ 764 &=& 765 \sqrt{\frac{(2l_1+1)(2l_2+1)(2l_3+1)}{4\pi}} 766 \left({l_1 \atop 0 } {l_2 \atop 0 } {l_3 \atop 0} \right) 767 \left({l_1 \atop m_1} {l_2 \atop m_2} {l_3 \atop m_3} \right) 768 \end{eqnarray} 717 Y(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,m_3) 718 =\int Y_{l_1,m_1}(\Omega) 719 Y_{l_2,m_2}(\Omega) Y_{l_3,m_3}(\Omega) d\Omega 720 =\sqrt((2l_1+1)(2l_2+1)(2l_3+1)/(4\pi)) 721 Y(j_1,j_2,j_3,0,0,0) Y(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,m_3) 769 722 770 723 771 724 NOTES: … … 773 726 The Gaunt coefficient obeys the following symmetry rules: 774 727 775 728 - invariant under any permutation of the columns 776 \begin{eqnarray} 777 Y{j_1 \atop m_1} {j_2 \atop m_2} {j_3 \atop m_3} 778 &=& 779 Y{j_3 \atop m_3} {j_1 \atop m_1} {j_2 \atop m_2} 780 =Y{j_2 \atop m_2} {j_3 \atop m_3} {j_1 \atop m_1} 781 \qquad \mbox{cyclic} \\ 782 &=& 783 Y{j_3 \atop m_3} {j_2 \atop m_2} {j_1 \atop m_1} 784 =Y{j_1 \atop m_1} {j_3 \atop m_3} {j_2 \atop m_2} 785 =Y{j_2 \atop m_2} {j_1 \atop m_1} {j_3 \atop m_3} 786 \qquad\mbox{anti-cyclic} 787 \end{eqnarray} 729 Y(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,m_3) 730 =Y(j_3,j_1,j_2,m_3,m_1,m_2) 731 =Y(j_2,j_3,j_1,m_2,m_3,m_1) 732 =Y(j_3,j_2,j_1,m_3,m_2,m_1) 733 =Y(j_1,j_3,j_2,m_1,m_3,m_2) 734 =Y(j_2,j_1,j_3,m_2,m_1,m_3) 788 735 789 736 - invariant under space inflection, i.e. 790 \begin{eqnarray} 791 Y{j_1 \atop m_1} {j_2 \atop m_2} {j_3 \atop m_3} 792 = 793 Y{j_1 \atop -m_1} {j_2 \atop -m_2} {j_3 \atop -m_3} 794 \end{eqnarray} 737 Y(j_1,j_2,j_3,m_1,m_2,m_3) 738 =Y(j_1,j_2,j_3,-m_1,-m_2,-m_3) 795 739 796 740 - symmetric with respect to the 72 Regge symmetries as inherited 797 741 for the $3j$ symbols [Regge58]
